Framing The Constitution class 12 history

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Framing The Constitution beginning of new era ,class 12 , history notes

 




A) Tumultuous Time

  • Indian partition problem
  • Princely states problem
  • Provincial election
  • Congress domination
  • Muslim , socialist Boycott constituent Assembly
  • Congress differed in oppinion ( some support landlordism ,some secular, some socialist etc)
  • Deliberation , discussion, criticism and counter criticism on issues.
Dominance :

1.   Congress trio~JL Nehru(objective resoln, national flag)
                           - V. Bhai Patel
                            - Rajendra prasad (president)
2.   Beside trio.~ BR Ambedkar(law minister)
                         - KM munshi(lawyer)
                          - AK Aiyar(lawyer)
3.  Civil servent ~ B.N Rau (study Pol system of countries)
                              - S.N Mukherjee( put complex into clear language)
 
B. Vision Of Constitution
  •      Objective resolution -13 dec,1946
  •     " We are not just going to copy "- Said JL Nehru

Will of people:

 1) Somnath lahiri- said -constituent assembly was British made .

2) Nehru said source-" we the people "

 3) Democracy, justice, equality ideals associated with social struggle.

4) Swami Vivekananda- reform Hinduism, 
jyotiba phule- point to suffering of depressed class .

5) representation demand -1909,1919,1935( In 1935 gov of India act , 1937 election were held congress got 8 provinces out of 11 but electorate were less . No Universal Adult Franchise was there only Adult population was allowed to vote.)

C . The Vision Of The Constitution
 
1- Ideas for separate electorate :
Approval ~
B .Poker Bahadur :
 "Minority needs can only be understood by minorities."

Criticism~
 -R.V Dhulekar :" english played game with us ".

 - Patel :" separate electorate is poison".

 - Govind Ballabh pant :" it is sucidial demand " .

 - Begum Aizas Rasul :" separate electorate is self destructive."

We will need much more than this resolution 

 - N G Ranga : poor & downtrodden are real minorities.

-Jaipal Singh :  tribal need to protect
 
- J Nagappa: depressed class needs protection .

- KJ kanderkar :" we were suppressed for thousand of years " .

- Amdedkar also not demand Separate electorate after partition .

D  . The Power Of The State 
1 J L Nehru said"after partition injurious to country providing weak centre".

- Draft constitution have 3 subjects list :

a) Union list : comes under centre,
   Currently 97 subjects that are defence, atomic energy etc .
b) state list : comes under state , currently 66 subjects are there that are police, health, agriculture etc 
c) concurrent list: control by bothe centre and state , currently 42 subjects are there that are divorce, marriage, labour, welfare etc.

2- Article 356 said center can take state subject on recommendation of governor. 

 Centre is likely to break
1 - K .Santhanam said do not give much function to center otherwise cannot work properly.

2- orrisa peeson warned said" center is likely to break "

What we want today is strong government

1- Some want to give powers to provinces but 
Ambedkar said " want a strong and United centre much stronger than centre we had created under gov of india act 1935" .

2- Gopalaswami ayyanger - centre should made as strong as possible.

3- Balakrishna sharma - "only stong centre can plan well being for people."

E. The Language Of The Nation
- Gandhi said speaking Hindustani strenghed unity . Hindustani made from Hindi+ Urdu. 

- Hindi becoming sanskritised and Urdu becoming persianised.
   
Plea for Hindi
1- In Indian constituent assembly R V Dhulekar give Hindi speech and bring huge Strom.

2- said Hindi should be national language as vision of Gandhi
 Steps taken :  assembly said Hindi in dev nagari script as official language+English +  regional language can be used.

3- Dhulekar want hindi to be national not official language
  
Fear of domination : 

1- Shrimati G Durgabhai - obeyed Gandhi and carried Hindi in south but surprise to face Hindi opposition.

2- Shri shankaro dev & TRA Chettiar - 
Hindi should not be forced in south as people don't know this language.
Framing The Constitution , class 12 history notes
Flow chart of Framing the constitution of India .
 
Click here: For More clarification I would recommend to referr my detailed handwritten notes of class 12 history chapter : Framing the constitution  beginning of the era .

 









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